Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP)
A cryptographic method that proves a statement is true without revealing the underlying data behind it.
A zero-knowledge proof lets one party convince another that something is true while sharing nothing else. You can prove you know a password without typing it, or prove a batch of transactions is valid without exposing every detail.
The use is concrete. zk-rollups compress thousands of transactions into one small proof Ethereum verifies cheaply. Privacy coins and identity systems confirm facts while hiding the inputs.
Common types are zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs. Generating proofs is heavy; verifying them is fast and cheap.
Related terms
A rollup that posts a cryptographic validity proof for every batch, giving near-instant finality on the base chain.
CryptographyThe math of scrambling and verifying information so only intended parties can read or trust it.
Public-Key CryptographyA system using a paired public and private key so anyone can verify a signature only the owner could make.
Digital SignatureA cryptographic proof that a specific keyholder authorized a message, and that it hasn't been altered since.